Drug Facts, Side Effects and Dosing. What is Oral Contraceptives, Birth Control Pills, and how does it work (mechanism of action)?: Oral contraceptives (birth control pills) are medications that prevent pregnancy. They are one method of birth control. Oral contraceptives are hormonal preparations that may contain combinations of the hormones estrogen and progestin or progestin alone. Combinations of estrogen and progestin prevent pregnancy by inhibiting the release of the hormones luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) from the pituitary gland in the brain. LH and FSH play key roles in the development of the egg and preparation of the lining of the uterus for implantation of the embryo. Progestin also makes the uterine mucus that surrounds the egg more difficult for sperm to penetrate and, therefore, for fertilization to take place. In some women, progestin inhibits ovulation (release of the egg). There are different types of combination birth control pills that contain estrogen and progestin that are referred to as .
During the first half of the cycle, the progestin/estrogen ratio is lower to allow the lining of the uterus (endometrium) to thicken as it normally does during the menstrual cycle. During the second half of the cycle, the progestin/estrogen ratio is higher to allow the normal shedding of the lining of the uterus to occur. Triphasic birth control pills have constant or changing estrogen concentrations and varying progestin concentrations throughout the cycle. There is no evidence that bi- or triphasic oral contraceptives are safer or superior to monophasic oral contraceptives, or vice versa, in their effectiveness for the prevention of pregnancy. What brand names are available for Oral Contraceptives, Birth Control Pills? Is Oral Contraceptives, Birth Control Pills available as a generic drug? GENERIC AVAILABLE: Yes, for some (see below)Do I need a prescription for Oral Contraceptives, Birth Control Pills?: Yes. What are the side effects of Oral Contraceptives, Birth Control Pills?: The most common side effects of the birth control pills include nausea, headache, breast tenderness, weight gain, irregular bleeding, and mood changes. These side effects often subside after a few months' use. The American Academy of Family Physicians notes that women using low. Several different birth control pills are available today. This portion of the eMedTV Web site provides a list of birth control pills that are currently available on. Find a comprehensive guide to possible side effects including common and rare side effects when taking Low-Ogestrel (Norgestrel and Ethinyl Estradiol Tablets) for. Read about the different types of birth control pills, drug interactions, the brands of oral contraceptives, and their side effects. Find out which birth control pill. Scanty menstrual periods or breakthrough bleeding may occur but are often temporary, and neither side effect is serious. Women with a history of migraines may notice an increase in migraine frequency. On the other hand, women whose migraines are triggered by fluctuations in their own hormone levels may notice improvement in migraines with oral contraceptive use because of the more uniform hormone levels during oral contraceptive use. Uncommonly, oral contraceptives may contribute to increased blood pressure, blood clots, heart attack, and stroke. Women who smoke, especially those over 3. The following table contains examples of oral contraceptives of different. MONOPHASIC PRODUCTSBRAND NAME(S)ESTROGENPROGESTINAlesse- 2. Apriethinyl estradioldesogestrel. Avianeethinyl estradiollevonorgestrel. Breviconethinyl estradiolnorethindrone. Demulen 1/3. 5- 2. Demulen 1/3. 5- 2. Demulen 1/5. 0- 2. Demulen 1/5. 0- 2. Desogenethinyl estradioldesogestrel. Genora 1/3. 5ethinyl estradiolnorethindrone. Genora 1/5. 0mestranolnorethindrone. Levlite 2. 8ethinyl estradiollevonorgestrel. Levlen 2. 1Levlen 2. Levora 0. 1. 5/3. Levora 0. 1. 5/3. Loestrin 2. 1 1/2. Loestrin 2. 1 1. 5/3. Loestrin FE 1/2. 0Loestrin FE 1. Lo- Ovral 2. 8Ovral 2. Low- Ogestrel 2. 8Ogestrel 0. Microgestin 1/2. 0Microgestin 1. Microgestin FE 1/2. Microgestin FE 1/5/3. Modiconethinyl estradiolnorethindrone. Necon 0. 5/3. 5- 2. Necon 0. 5/3. 5- 2. Necon 1/5. 0- 2. 1Necon 1/5. Necon 1/3. 5- 2. 1Necon 1/3. Nordette 2. 8ethinyl estradiollevonorgestrel. Norinyl 1/5. 0mestranolnorethindrone. Norinyl 1/3. 5ethinyl estradiolnorethindrone. Nortrel 0. 5/3. 5Nortrel 1/3. Ortho- Ceptethinyl estradioldesogestrel. Ortho- Novum 1/3. Ortho- Novum 1/5. Ortho- Cyclenethinyl estradiolnorgestimate. Ovcon 5. 0Ovcon 3. Tri- Norinyl 2. 8ethinyl estradiolnorethindrone. Yasmin 2. 8ethinyl estradioldrospirenone. Zovia 1/5. 0EZovia 1/3. Eethinyl estradiolethynodiol diacetate. BIPHASIC PRODUCTSBRAND NAME(S)ESTROGENPROGESTINJenest 2. Mircetteethinyl estradioldesogestrel. Necon 1. 0/1. 1- 2. Necon 1. 0/1. 1- 2. Ortho- Novum 1. 0/1. TRIPHASIC PRODUCTSBRAND NAME(S)ESTROGENPROGESTINEstrostep 2. Estrostep FEethinyl estradiolnorethindrone. Ortho- Novum 7/7/7ethinyl estradiolnorethindrone. Ortho Tri- Cyclen. Ortho Tri- Cyclen LOethinyl estradiolnorgestimate. Tri- Levlen 2. 1Tri- Levlen 2. Tri- Norinyl 2. 8ethinyl estradiolnorethindrone. Triphasil 2. 8ethinyl estradiollevonorgestrel. Trivora 2. 8ethinyl estradiollevonorgestrel. PREPARATIONS (2. 4 days of hormone pills and. Yazethinyl estradioldrospirenone. Lo Estrin 2. 4- 4ethinyl estradiolnorethindrone acetate. EXTENDED- CYCLE PREPARATIONSSeasonaleethinyl estradiollevonorgestrel. Seasoniqueethinyl estradiollevonorgestrel. PROGESTIN- ONLY PRODUCTSBRAND NAME(S)ESTROGENPROGESTINMicronor norethindrone. Nor- QD norethindrone. Ovrette norgestrel. Previous contributing medical author: Carolyn Janet Crandall, MD, MS, FACPReport Problems to the Food and Drug Administration. You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit the FDA Med. Watch website or call 1- 8. Side Effects and Drug Images at Rx. List. What happens if I miss a dose (Low- Ogestrel)? Follow the patient instructions provided with your medicine. Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you do not understand these instructions. Missing a pill increases your risk of becoming pregnant. If you miss one active pill, take two pills on the day that you remember. Then take one pill per day for the rest of the pack. If you miss two active pills in a row in Week 1 or 2, take two pills per day for two days in a row. Then take one pill per day for the rest of the pack. Use back- up birth control for at least 7 days following the missed pills. If you miss two active pills in a row in Week 3, throw out the rest of the pack and start a new pack the same day if you are a Day 1 starter. If you are a Sunday starter, keep taking a pill every day until Sunday. On Sunday, throw out the rest of the pack and start a new pack that day. If you miss three active pills in a row in Week 1, 2, or 3, throw out the rest of the pack and start a new pack on the same day if you are a Day 1 starter. If you are a Sunday starter, keep taking a pill every day until Sunday. On Sunday, throw out the rest of the pack and start a new pack that day. If you miss two or more pills, you may not have a period during the month. If you miss a period for two months in a row, call your doctor because you might be pregnant. If you miss a reminder pill, throw it away and keep taking one reminder pill per day until the pack is empty. You do not need back- up birth control if you miss a reminder pill. What happens if I overdose (Low- Ogestrel)? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1- 8. Overdose symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, and vaginal bleeding. What should I avoid while taking birth control pills (Low- Ogestrel)? Smoking can increase your risk of blood clots, stroke, or heart attack caused by birth control pills, especially if you are older than 3. This medication will not protect you from sexually transmitted diseases- -including HIV and AIDS. Using a condom is the only way to protect yourself from these diseases. What other drugs will affect birth control pills (Low- Ogestrel)? Some drugs can make birth control pills less effective, which may result in pregnancy. Before using birth control pills, tell your doctor if you are using any of the following drugs: bosentan (Tracleer); an antibiotic or tuberculosis medication; drugs to treat hepatitis C, HIV, or AIDS; phenobarbital (Solfoton) and other barbiturates; St. John's wort; orseizure medications. Tell your doctor about all other medicines you use, especially: dantrolene (Dantrium); tizanidine (Zanaflex); ortranexamic acid (Cyklokapron, Lysteda). This list is not complete and other drugs may interact with birth control pills. Tell your doctor about all medications you use. This includes prescription, over- the- counter, vitamin, and herbal products. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor. Where can I get more information? Your pharmacist can provide more information about ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel. Remember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children, never share your medicines with others, and use this medication only for the indication prescribed. Every effort has been made to ensure that the information provided by Cerner Multum, Inc. Drug information contained herein may be time sensitive. Multum information has been compiled for use by healthcare practitioners and consumers in the United States and therefore Multum does not warrant that uses outside of the United States are appropriate, unless specifically indicated otherwise. Multum's drug information does not endorse drugs, diagnose patients or recommend therapy. Multum's drug information is an informational resource designed to assist licensed healthcare practitioners in caring for their patients and/or to serve consumers viewing this service as a supplement to, and not a substitute for, the expertise, skill, knowledge and judgment of healthcare practitioners. The absence of a warning for a given drug or drug combination in no way should be construed to indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective or appropriate for any given patient. Multum does not assume any responsibility for any aspect of healthcare administered with the aid of information Multum provides. The information contained herein is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. If you have questions about the drugs you are taking, check with your doctor, nurse or pharmacist. Copyright 1. 99. 6- 2. Cerner Multum, Inc. Version: 1. 1. 0. Revision date: 5/2/2. 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